Artesian well:
- Deep well through which water is forced up by underground pressure
Beef cattle:
- Cattle raised for meat
Bonanza:
- A source of great wealth or a big fortune
Bonanza farms:
- Gigantic wheat farms that made huge sums of money
- Ranged in size from 3,000 acres to over 75,000 acres
Brand:
- Special identification mark burned onto the skin of animals
British Isles:
- Large island group located off the northwest coast of Europe
- Includes nations of Great Britain, Ireland, and some smaller islands
Cass, George:
- President of Northern Pacific Railroad
- Helped establish the first bonanza farm in the Red River Valley
Cavalry:
- Soldiers on horseback
Census:
- Count of the people
Chateau de Morès:
- Home of the Marquis and his wife, Medora
Dalrymple, Oliver:
- Managed the first bonanza farm
- Became one of the largest bonanza farmers
Decade:
- 10-year period
Ethnic:
- Characteristics, customs, and culture of a group of people
Euro-Americans:
- Americans with European ancestors
- Sometimes called “whites”
Farm:
- Piece of land on which crops or animals are raised
Frontier:
- Edge of a settled area of a country
German-Russian:
- A German whose ancestors lived in Russia for about 100 years
- Germans from Russia
Ghost town:
- Abandoned town
Great Britain:
- England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
Great Dakota Boom:
- 1878 to 1886
- Time period when the eastern two-thirds of North Dakota was settled
Homestead Act:
- 160 acres of land given free to anyone who could meet certain conditions
Houston, David:
- Bonanza farmer whose inventions made it possible for anyone to own a camera
- Responsible for the name “Kodak”
Immigrant:
- A person from another country who comes into a country to live
Literate:
- Someone who is able to read and write
Marquis de Morès:
- Member of French royal family who ranched in the Badlands
- Founded town of Medora
Marquise de Morès:
- Name was Medora
- Married to the Marquis de Morès
Medora:
- Wife of the Marquis de Morès
- Badlands town named in honor of Medora von Hoffman
Miller, John:
- First governor of North Dakota
Nokota horse:
- Honorary equine (horse) of North Dakota
Open range:
- Land that is not fenced, where cattle are free to graze
Pioneer:
- A person who settles in an area that has not been occupied before except by tribes
Pre-emption Act:
- Squatters could buy the land on which they were living
Proving up:
- Meeting all the requirements of homesteading and receiving the deed to the land
Quarter section:
- ¼ of a section of land
- 160 acres
- Measures ½ mile on each side
Ranch:
- Large area of land used to raise herds of cattle, sheep, or horses
Roosevelt, Theodore:
- Badlands rancher who became 26th U.S. president
- Leader of Rough Riders cavalry unit that won a battle in Cuba during the Spanish-American War
Rough Riders:
- Cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt
- Won battle at San Juan Hill in Cuba
Round House:
- Circular house used by a Northern Pacific land agent for entertaining eastern land buyers
- Contained an observation deck on the roof
- Located in Wells County
Scandinavia:
- Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland
Scandinavian:
- A person from one of the Scandinavian countries
Section:
- Square of land measuring one mile on each side
- One square mile
- 640 acres
Suffrage:
- Voting rights
Timber Culture Act:
- Tree claim
- 160 acres of free land given to a person who agreed to plant trees on 10 acres