Bartering:
- Trading items for other items without exchanging money
Cache pit:
- Used to store dried corn, nuts, berries, and squash
Chippewa:
- Also called “Ojibwa”
- Came to North Dakota from forests of Wisconsin and Minnesota
- Lived in wigwams
- Fur trappers
Commerce:
- The business of trading
Council:
- Group of people in charge
Dakota:
- Means "friend"
Dakota Sioux:
- Made up of four tribes
- Moved into North Dakota from Minnesota after conflicts with white settlers and U.S. soldiers
Dakota Territory:
- Large northern area west of Mississippi River
- Named after The Great Dakota Nation
Double Ditch Indian Village:
- Village near present-day city of Bismarck
- Historic site
Earthlodge:
- Dome-shaped home made of logs and covered with willow branches, grass, and earth
- Used by Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes
Epidemic:
- Rapidly spreading disease
Euro-American:
- An American with European ancestors
Fort Clark:
- Trading post near present-day Washburn
- Smallpox epidemic of 1837 started here
Immunity:
- Protection from a disease
Lakota Sioux:
- Made up of seven major tribes
- Taller than most people of that time
- Became expert horsemen
- Most nomadic of the three Sioux groups
La Vérendrye:
- Among the first non-Indians to set foot in North Dakota
- First Euro-American person to record history in North Dakota
Métis:
- People who are half Chippewa and half French or Scottish
- Many settled in Chippewa communities
- Good bison hunters and fur traders
Nakota Sioux:
- Divided into two tribes
- Pushed into North Dakota from Minnesota by the Chippewa
- Settled in South Dakota and southern part of North Dakota
On-A-Slant:
- Village built by the Mandan Indians about 400 years ago beside the Missouri and Heart Rivers
- Near present-day city of Mandan
Pelts:
- Hides with fur
Red River cart:
- Two-wheeled cart pulled by oxen or horses
- Developed by Métis
- Could carry huge amounts of goods to major trade centers
Sioux:
- Name the French called the Dakota
- Means adder (snake) in the Chippewa language
The Great Dakota Nation:
- Made up of thousands of people
- Also called “The Great Sioux Nation”
Three Affiliated Tribes:
- Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes
- Affiliated means “joined together”