How to Cite Primary and Secondary Resources
When you write a research paper, it is proper to cite the sources you used in your research. Citation are important because people who read your paper will trust your research if they can follow your research path.
There are several methods or styles for citation. For historians, the most popular methods are Modern Language Association (MLA) or Chicago Manual of Style (CMS or Turabian).
Chicago and MLA are very similar. In a bibliography at the end of a paper (this might also be called Sources), secondary sources citations always give the author’s name (last name, first name), then the title of the book in italics, and then publication information. The bibliographical entry for a book would look like this:
Last name, First name. My Book: a very good book. Bismarck: PickMe Publishing Company, 2014.
- Note that periods separate sections of the bibliographical entry.
- Note that the book title is italicized.
- When you take notes for your research paper, be sure to write down all of this information.
- At the end of a citation for a book in the MLA style, add the word Print. An example is:
Jones, Mary. My Little Lamb: A short story. Fargo: Lambswool Publishers, 2003. Print.
Articles are a little different:
Last name, First name. “Article title: article subtitle.” Magazine Title. 10.2 (Date): page numbers.
- Note that the article title is in quotation marks.
- Note that the magazine or journal title is italicized.
- The numbers that follow the magazine title are for the volume number (10) and edition number (2). The date is the date of publication of the magazine.
- The page numbers should include the first page of the article and the last page of the article.
- In the MLA version, the word Print appears at the end of the citation.
For example:
Jones, Mary. “My Little Lamb: A short story.” Lamb Histories. 10.6 (1872): 16-18.
If you cite a website, you should try to find out who wrote the article you are reading and who sponsored the web page. You will also need the URL, or web address, for the citation. Using this website, for example:
Handy-Marchello, Barbara. North Dakota Studies. “Newcomers’ View of the Land.” http://ndstudies.gov/gr8/content/unit-iii-waves-development-1861-1920/l…
- Note the entire web address for the particular article was copied into the citation. It is also acceptable to give the basic address: ndstudies.gov/gr8.
- In the MLA version, you would also add the date you accessed the website. It would look like this:
Handy-Marchello, Barbara. North Dakota Studies. “Newcomers’ View of the Land.” http://ndstudies.gov/gr8/content/unit-iii-waves-development-1861-1920/l…. Accessed October 16, 2014.
Sometimes it is hard to find the author’s name for a website, but the organization that owns or sponsors the website should be very easy to identify. If it is not, you may not be looking at a reliable website.
Primary source citations can be tricky. The important elements are the title (if there is one), the date the document was created (if there is one), and the location where the document is housed.
In Unit 3, Lesson 4, Topic 3, you will find a letter from Lewis Gibbs to Governor Burbank. This would be cited in this way:
Lewis Gibbs to Governor J. A. Burbank. 9 July 1873, Moody County, Dakota Territory. State Historical Society of North Dakota Archive, Series 76, Box 1, File 18.
In Unit 3, Lesson 4, Topic 9, the diary of Harold Sorenson would be cited this way:
Harold Sorenson, diary. State Historical Society of North Dakota Archives, Mss 11067.
If you read these primary resources on the North Dakota: People Living on the Land website, you would add to the citations already given, “accessed at ndstudies.gov/gr8.”
These are the most common citations. If you need to cite a book with multiple authors, or a chapter in a book, or a different kind of primary source, you can find more information at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/.
Further Research
Unit I Primary Sources
Bavendick, Frank. Climate and Weather in North Dakota. Bismarck: U. S. Weather Bureau Office and North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission, 1952.
Unit I Secondary Sources
Bluemle, John P. The Face of North Dakota. Educational Series 26, North Dakota Geological Survey, 2000.
Herman, Gwyn and LaVerne Johnson. Geology, Geography, and Climate. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
Hoganson, John W. “Dinosaurs, Sharks, and Woolly Mammoths: Glimpses of Life in North Dakota’s Prehistoric Past.” North Dakota History Vol. 73 Nos. 1 & 2.
Hoganson, John W. and Edward C. Murphy. Geology of the Lewis and Clark Trail in North Dakota. Missoula: Mountain Press Publishing Company, 2003.
Howe, Neil and Theodore Jelliff. North Dakota: Legendary. Fargo: North Dakota Center for Distance Education, 2007.
Severson, Kieth E. and Carolyn Hull Sieg. The Nature of Eastern North Dakota: Pre-1880- Historical Ecology. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 2006.
Trimble, Donald E. The Geologic Story of the Great Plains: A Non-technical Description of the Origin and Evolution of the Landscape of the Great Plains. Geological Survey Bulletin 1493. Reprint, Theodore Roosevelt Nature and History Association, Medora, ND. 2006.
Unit II Primary Sources
Bavendick, Frank. Climate and Weather in North Dakota. Bismarck: U. S. Weather Bureau Office and North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission, 1952.
Unit II Secondary Sources
Bluemle, John P. The Face of North Dakota. Educational Series 26, North Dakota Geological Survey, 2000.
Fenn, Elizabeth A. Encounters at the Heart of the World: A History of the Mandan People. New York: Hill and Wang, 2014.
Hoganson, John W. and Edward C. Murphy. Geology of the Lewis and Clark Trail in North Dakota. Missoula: Mountain Press Publishing Company, 2003.
Herman, Gwyn and Laverne Johnson. American Indians of North Dakota. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. Geology, Geography, and Climate. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
Hoig, Stan. White Man’s Paper Trail: Grand Councils and Treaty-Making on the Central Plains. Boulder, University Press of Colorado, 2006.
Howe, Neil and Theodore Jelliff. North Dakota: Legendary. Fargo: North Dakota Center for Distance Education, 2007.
Isenberg, Andrew C. The Destruction of the Bison: An Environmental History, 1750 – 1920. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Kelsch, Anne. “The Selkirk Settlers: Bringing Crofters and Clans to the Red River Valley.” North Dakota History Vol. 63 No. 1 (Winter 1996): 21-32.
Lass, William E. "The Northern Boundary of the Louisiana Purchase." Great Plains Quarterly Vol. 35 No. 1 (Winter 2015): 27-50.
Parks, Douglas R., A. Wesley Jones, Robert C. Hollow, eds. Earth Lodge Tales from the Upper Missouri: Traditional Stories of the Arikara, Hidatsa, and Mandan. Bismarck: University of Mary, 1978.
Robinson, Elwyn B. History of North Dakota. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966.
Schneider, Mary Jane. North Dakota’s Indian Heritage. Grand Forks: University of North Dakota Press, 1990.
Schneider, Mary Jane. North Dakota Indians: An Introduction. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt Press, 1986.
Severson, Kieth E. and Carolyn Hull Sieg. The Nature of Eastern North Dakota: Pre-1880- Historical Ecology. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 2006.
Warhus, Mark. Another America: Native American Maps and the History of Our Land. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997.
Unit III Primary Sources
Bavendick, Frank. Climate and Weather in North Dakota. Bismarck: U. S. Weather Bureau Office and North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission, 1952.
Belcourt, G. A., “Hunting Buffalo on the Northern Plains: A Letter From Father Belcourt,” North Dakota History Vol. 38, No. 3 (Summer 1971) 332-348.
Buffalo Bird Woman (See Waheenee.)
Calof, Rachel. Rachel Calof’s Story. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995.
Carleton, Mark Alfred. “Hard Wheats Winning Their Way.” USDA Yearbook of 1914. Government Printing Office, 1915. Reprint. 649.
Clark, Dolly Holliday. “Memoir of a Country Schoolteacher: Dolly Holliday Meets the Ethnic West, 1919-1920,” edited by Paula M. Nelson. North Dakota History Vol. 59, No. 1 (Winter 1992): 30-45.
Collins, Loren W. Diary. The Sibley Expedition Collection. SHSND Mss 10386.
Custer, Elizabeth Bacon. Boots and Saddles: Life in Dakota with Custer. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2006 (1885).
Dalrymple, John Stewart. No. 1 Hard: Oliver Dalrymple The Story of a Bonanza Farmer. Minneapolis: No Publisher, 1960.
Daniels, Arthur M. A Journal of Sibley’s Indian Expedition During the Summer of 1863 and Record of Troops Employed. Minneapolis: James D. Thueson, Publisher, 1980.
Dearborn, Alva. Diary. The Sibley Expedition Collection. SHSND Mss 10386.
Edwin F. Ladd: Memorial Addresses Delivered in the United Sates Senate in Memory of Edwin F. Ladd, Washington, D.C: Government Printing Office, 1927.
Eastman, Enoch. Diary. In Dana Wright, “The Sibley Trail in North Dakota” North Dakota History Vol. 1, Nos. 3 & 4 (July 1927): 5-13, 30-45.
Hagadorn, Henry J. “The Diary of Private Henry J. Hagadorn” North Dakota Historical Quarterly 5: 2 (October 1830 – July 1931):103 – 129.
Hobart, Charles H. “Pioneering in North Dakota.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly Vol. 7, No.4 (July 1933): 191-227.
Innis, Ben, and Michael D. Hill, eds. “The Fort Buford Diary of Private Sanford, 1876 – 1877.” North Dakota History Vol. 52 No. 3 (Summer, 1985): 2-39.
Jenkinson, Clay, ed. A Vast and Open Plain: The Writings of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in North Dakota, 1804-1806. Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, 2003.
Journals of Lewis and Clark. http://www.americanjourneys.org/aj-100/index.asp. Entries concerning the months the Corps of Discovery spent in North Dakota are in Volume 1 and Volume 2.
King, Jerome. Drawing of Fort Rice. State Historical Society of North Dakota Museum Records,1996.32.
Libby, O. G., ed., The Arikara Narrative of Custer’s Campaign and the Battle of the Little Big Horn with foreword by Jerome Green, preface by Dee Brown, introduction by D’Arcy McNickle. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.
Lubetkin, M. John, ed. “Thomas L. Rosser and The Yellowstone Surveying Expedition of 1873.” North Dakota History Vol. 70 No. 3 (2003): 2-18.
Kingsbury, George W. History of Dakota Territory. Chicago: The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company, 1915.
Mattison, Ray H., ed. “The Fisk Expedition of 1864: The Diary of William L. Larned.”North Dakota History Vol. 36 No. 3 (Summer 1969): 209–274.
No author. “Dakota Wheat Fields.” Box Elder Press, Fargo, ND, 1974. Reprinted from Harpers Monthly March 1880.
No author. “The Indian Massacres and War of 1862.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. Vol. CLVII (June 1873): 1-24.
No author. “The Indian Massacres and War of 1862.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Vol. CLVII (June 1873): 1-24.
No author. “Monthly Record of Current Events.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Vol. CLXI (October 1863): 706-707.
Official Records of the War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Available in libraries and online: http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar//waro.html.
Paulson, Norman, ed. “A Letter From Horatio H. Larned to Kate Larned Alexander.” North Dakota History Vol. 36 No. 3 (Summer 1969): 275–278.
Pelissier, Kate Roberts. “Reminiscences of a Pioneer Mother.” North Dakota History Vol. 24 No. 3 (July 1957): 129-138.
Thompson, Era Bell. American Daughter. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1986.
Throne, Mildred, ed. “Iowa Troops in Dakota Territory, 1861–1864 Based on the Diaries and Letters of Henry Wieneke” Iowa Journal of History Vol. 57 No. 2 (April 1959): 97–190.
Trupin, Sophie. Dakota Diaspora: Memoirs of a Jewish Homesteader. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.
Unknown Soldier. Diary. The Sibley Expedition Collection. SHSND Mss 10386.
Waheenee (or Maxidiwiac, Buffalo Bird Woman). Buffalo Bird Woman’s Garden: Agriculture of the Hidatsa Indians as told to Gilbert L. Wilson. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1987.
Wall, Oscar. Diary. SHSND Mss 20181.
White, William Allen. “The Business of A Wheat Farm (The Conduct of Great Businesses:Seventh Paper).” Scribner’s Magazine Vol. XXII No. 5 (November 1897): 532-548.
Gilbert Wilson, ed. Waheenee: An Indian Girl’s Story Told By Herself. Illustrations by Frederick N. Wilson. St. Paul, Minnesota: Webb Publishing Company, 1921.
Wishek, Nina Farley. Along the Trails of Yesterday. Ashley, ND: Ashley Tribune, 1941.
Woodward, Mary Dodge. The Checkered Years: A Bonanza Farm Diary 1884-1888. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1989.
Unit III Secondary Sources
Bluemle, John P. The Face of North Dakota. Educational Series 26, North Dakota Geological Survey, 2000.
Aun nish e naubay. History of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, Seventh Edition (No publisher, June 1980).
Beede, Aaron McGaffey. “The Dakota Indian Victory-Dance.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly Vol. 9 No. 3 (April 1942): 167-178.
Beck, Paul N. Inkpaduta: Dakota Leader. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008.
Bergemann, Kurt D. Brackett’s Batallion: Minnesota Cavalry in the Civil War and Dakota War. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2004.
Blackorby, Edward C. “Usher L. Burdick’s Early Political Career in North Dakota and the Rise of the Nonpartisan League.” North Dakota History Vol. 67 No. 3 (2000): 2-23.
Briggs, Harold E. “The Great Dakota Boom, 1879–1886.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly Vol. 4 No. 2 (January, 1930): 78-109.
________. “The Settlement and Development of the Territory of Dakota, 1860–70.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly Vol. 7 No. 2 & 3 (October 1932): 114-149.
Butts, Michele Tucker. Galvanized Yankees on the Upper Missouri: The Face of Loyalty. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2003.
Clodfelter, Micheal. The Dakota War: The United States Army Versus the Sioux, 1862–1865. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co, Inc. Publishers, 1998.
Clow, Richard. “Cattlemen and Tribal Rights: The Standing Rock Leasing Conflict of 1902.” North Dakota History Vol. 54 No. 2 (Spring 1987): 23–30.
Cooper, Jerry and Glenn Smith. Citizens as Soldiers: A History of the North Dakota National Guard. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 1986.
Drache, Hiram. “The Economic Aspects of the Northern Pacific Railroad in North Dakota.” North Dakota History Vol. 34 No. 4 (Fall 1967): 320–372.
Echo-Hawk, Roger C. and Walter R. Echo-Hawk. Battlefields and Burial Grounds: The Indian Struggle to Protect Ancestral Graves in the United States. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Company, 1994.
Fenn, Elizabeth A. Encounters at the Heart of the World: A History of the Mandan People. New York: Hill and Wang, 2014.
Gilman, Carolyn and Mary Jane Schneider. The Way to Independence: Memories of a Hidatsa Indian Family,1840-1920. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1987.
Greene, Jerome. Fort Randall on the Missouri, 1856-1892. Pierre: South Dakota State Historical Society Press, 2005.
Handy-Marchello, Barbara. Women of the Northern Plains: Gender and Settlement 1870-1930. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2005.
Henke, Warren A. and Everett C. Albers, Eds. The Legacy of North Dakota’s Country Schools. Bismarck: North Dakota Humanities Council, Inc., 1998.
Herman, Gwyn and Laverne Johnson. American Indians of North Dakota. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. Citizenship. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. Early Settlement of North Dakota. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. Frontier Era of North Dakota. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. Geology, Geography, and Climate. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. North Dakota Agriculture. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
Hoig, Stan. White Man’s Paper Trail: Grand Councils and Treaty-Making on the Central Plains. Boulder, University Press of Colorado, 2006.
Holmes, Krys. Montana: Stories of the Land. Montana Historical Society Press, 2008.
Howard, Thomas, ed. The North Dakota Political Tradition. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1981.
Howe, Neil and Theodore Jelliff. North Dakota: Legendary. Fargo: North Dakota Center for Distance Education, 2007.
Huidekoper, A. C. “With the Round-up.” North Dakota History Vol.19 No. 1 (January 1952): 5-24.
Iseminger, Gordon. The Americanization of Christina Hillius: German Russian Emigrant to North Dakota. Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1986.
Iseminger, Gordon. The Quartzite Border: Surveying and Marking the North Dakota-South Dakota Boundary 1891–1892. Sioux Falls, South Dakota: The Center for Western Studies, Augustana College, 1988.
Isenberg, Andrew C. The Destruction of the Bison: An Environmental History, 1750–1920. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Jacobson, Clair. Whitestone Hill: The Indians and the Battle. LaCrosse, Wisconsin: Pine Tree Publishing, 1991.
Josephy, Alvin, Jr. The Civil War in the American West. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991.
Knue, Joseph. Big Game in North Dakota: A Short History. Bismarck: North Dakota Game and Fish Department, 1991.
Lamar, Howard Roberts. Dakota Territory 1861-1889: A Study of Frontier Politics. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1956.
Lansing, Mike. Insurgent Democracy: The Nonpartisan League in the North American West. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.
Larson, Carl F. "A History of the Automobile in North Dakota to 1911." North Dakota History Vol. 54 No. 4 (Fall 1987): 3-24.
Lauck, Jon K. Prairie Republic: The Political Culture of Dakota Territory, 1879-1889. Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 2010.
Lindgren, Elaine. Land in Her Own Name: Women as Homesteaders in North Dakota. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.
Lysengen, Janet Daley and Ann M. Rathke, eds. The Centennial Anthology of North Dakota History: Journal of the Northern Plains. Bismarck, State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1996.
Mattison, Ray. “Ranching in the Dakota Badlands: A Study of Roosevelt’s Contemporaries.” North Dakota History Vol. 19 No. 2 (April 1952): 93–128.
________. “Ranching in the Dakota Badlands: A Study of Roosevelt’s Contemporaries.” North Dakota History Vol. 19 No. 3 (July 1952): 167–206.
________. “Roosevelt and the Stockmen’s Association: A Study of Roosevelt’s Contemporaries.” North Dakota History Vol. 17 No. 2 (April 1950): 73-96.
________. “Roosevelt and the Stockmen’s Association.” North Dakota History Vol.17 No. 3 (July 1950): 177- 210.
McLaughlin, Castle. “The Big Lease: Confined-Range Ranching on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, 1910–1950.” North Dakota History Vol. 61 No. 4 (Fall 1994): 2-19.
McLaughlin, James. My Friend the Indian (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1910). (republished by Kessinger Publishers, 2006, and online: https://archive.org/details/myfriendtheindian00mclarich.)
Parks, Douglas R., A. Wesley Jones, Robert C. Hollow, eds. Earth Lodge Tales from the Upper Missouri: Traditional Stories of the Arikara, Hidatsa, and Mandan. Bismarck: University of Mary, 1978.
Pearson, Dean A. Fort Dilts. The Story Behind the Story: The Historical Account of the James L. Fisk Expedition of 1864. (No Publisher, 2001).
Peterson, Susan C. “‘Doing Women’s Work’: The Grey Nuns at Fort Totten Indian Reservation, 1874–1900.” North Dakota History Vol. 52 No. 2 (Spring 1985): 18–25.
Peterson, Susan C. “The Red Cross Call to Serve: The Western Response from North Dakota Nurses.” Western Historical Quarterly Vol. XXI No. 3 (August 1990): 321-340.
Pfaller, Louis. “Sully’s Expedition of 1864 Featuring the Killdeer Mountain and Badlands Battles,” North Dakota History 31 (January-October 1964): 25–78.
Piott, Steven. Giving Voters a Voice: The Origins of Initiative and Referendum in America. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003.
Reid, Bill G. Five for the Land and Its People. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 1989.
Remele, Larry, ed. Fort Totten: Military Post and Indian School 1867–1959. Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1986.
Robinson, Elwyn B. History of North Dakota. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966.
Rolfsrud, Erling N. Extraordinary North Dakotans. Alexandria, Minnesota: Lantern Books,1954.
Schneider, Mary Jane. North Dakota’s Indian Heritage. Grand Forks: University of North Dakota Press, 1990.
________. North Dakota Indians: An Introduction. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt Press, 1986.
Severson, Kieth E. and Carolyn Hull Sieg. The Nature of Eastern North Dakota: Pre-1880- Historical Ecology. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 2006.
Shilts, Thomas. “‘To Prevent a Calamity Which Is Imminent”: Governor Frazier and the Fuel Crisis of 1919.” North Dakota History Vol. 63 No. 1 (Winter 1996): 6-20.
Skidmore, Max J. "Remembering TR: North Dakota and the Theodroe Roosevelt International Highway." North Dakota History Vol 67 No. 1 (2000): 23-35.
Tennant, Brad. “Notes and Comments: The 1864 Sully Expedition and the Death of Captain John Feilner” in American Nineteenth Century History Vol. 9 No. 2 (June 2008): 183–190.
Treuer, Anton. Everything You Wanted to Know About Indians But Were Afraid To Ask. Saint Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2012.
Utley, Robert. The Lance and the Shield: The Life and Times of Sitting Bull. New York: Ballantine Books, 1993.
Vestal, Stanley. Sitting Bull: Champion of the Sioux. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1957.
Wilkins, Robert P. and Wynona H. Wilkins. North Dakota: A History. New York: W.W. Norton, 1977.
Wold, Albert N. “My Father was a ‘Tree-Claimer.’” North Dakota History Vol. 26 No. 4 (Winter 1959): 171–180.
Wold, Frances. “The Washburn Lignite Coal Company: A History of Mining at Wilton, North Dakota.” North Dakota History Vol. 43 No. 4 (Fall 1976): 4-21.
Young, James R. “Thomas Smith: A Personal Perspective.” North Dakota History Vol. 61 No. 2 (Spring 1994): 37-41.
Unit IV Primary Sources
Bavendick, Frank. Climate and Weather in North Dakota. Bismarck: U. S. Weather Bureau Office and North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission, 1952.
Neal, Bigelow. The Valley of the Dammed. Garrison, North Dakota: McLean County Independent, 1949.
Newborg, Gerald D., ed. “The Builder: William L. Guy.” North Dakota History Vol. 71 Nos.1 & 2 (2004): 2-49.
Newborg, Gerald G., ed. “Guardian of the Land: Arthur A. Link.” North Dakota History Vol. 72 Nos. 1&2 (2005): 2-46.
Raaen, Aagot. Grass of the Earth. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1994.
Remele, Larry, Ed. Fort Totten Military Post and Indian School 1867–1959. Bismarck, State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1986.
Robinson, Sheila. The Story of the Garrison Dam: Taming the Big Muddy. Garrison, North Dakota: BHG, Inc:1997.
Roosevelt, Theodore. Hunting Trips of a Ranchman. New York: Collier, 1885.
________. Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.
Seelye, W. E. “Sully’s Indian Expedition: Report by W. E. Seelye.” The Sibley Expedition Collection. SHSND Mss 10386.
Sevareid, Eric. Canoeing with the Cree. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2004 (1935.)
________. Not So Wild a Dream. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1995 (1946.)
Snyder, Bill. “ ‘Adding Picture to Sound:” Early Television in North Dakota.” North Dakota History Vol. 60 No. 3 (Summer 1993): 2-23.
Unit IV Secondary Sources
Aun nish e naubay. History of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, Seventh Edition (No Publisher, June 1980).
Barrett, Carole and Marcia Wolter Britton. “‘You didn’t dare try to be Indian’: Oral Histories of Former Indian Boarding School Students.” North Dakota History Vol. 64 No. 2 (Spring 1997): 4-25.
Cooper, Jerry and Glenn Smith. Citizens as Soldiers: A History of the North Dakota National Guard. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 1986.
Danbom, David. Going It Alone: Fargo Grapples with the Great Depression. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2005.
Dunkel, Tom. Color Blind: The Forgotten Team That Broke Baseball’s Color Line. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2013.
Geelan, Agnes. Dakota Maverick: The Political Life of William Langer, also Known as “Wild Bill” Langer. Prairie House, 1983.
Hans, Birgit. “The Star Quilt on the Northern Plains: A Symbol of American Indian Identity.” North Dakota History Vol.77 Nos. 3 & 4 (2012): 23-39.
Herman, Gwyn and LaVerne Johnson. Citizenship. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
________. North Dakota Agriculture. A Unit of North Dakota Studies. Fargo: North Dakota Studies Project, 2007.
Howe, Neil and Theodore Jelliff. North Dakota: Legendary. Fargo: North Dakota Center for Distance Education, 2007.
Knue, Joseph. Big Game in North Dakota: A Short History. Bismarck: North Dakota Game and Fish Department, 1991.
Lawson, Michael. Dammed Indians Revisited: The Continuing History of the Pick-Sloan Plan and the Missouri River Sioux. Pierre: South Dakota State Historical Society Press, 2009.
Lowitt, Richard and Maurine Beasley. One Third of a Nation: Lorena Hickok Reports on the Great Depression. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981.
Lysengen, Janet Daley and Ann M. Rathke, eds. The Centennial Anthology of North Dakota History: Journal of the Northern Plains. Bismarck, State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1996.
Manning, Richard. “Bakken Business: The Price of North Dakota’s Fracking Boom.” Harper’s Vol.326, No.1954 (March 2013): 29-37
Morlan, Robert L. Political Prairie Fire: The Nonpartisan League, 1915-1922. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1985.
Meiers, David D. From Mott to May-Port-Clifford-Galesburg: A 36-Year Look at the North Dakota State Class B Basketball Tournament. Self-Published, 1997.
Nagel, Jerry and Mary Nagel. Talking Wires: The Story of North Dakota’s Telephone Cooperatives. No Publisher, No Date.
Newborg, Gerald G., ed. “The Builder: William L. Guy.” North Dakota History Vol. 71 Nos. 1 & 2 (2004): 2-49.
Reid, Bill G. Five for the Land and Its People. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 1989.
Remele, Larry. The Lost Years of Arthur C. Townley. Bismarck: North Dakota Humanities Council, 1988.
Robinson, Elwyn B. History of North Dakota. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966.
Rolfsrud, Erling N. Extraordinary North Dakotans. Alexandria, Minnesota: Lantern Books, 1954.
Schnaible, R. Bob. Almanac of North Dakota Sport: Class B, Class C and Consolidated League 1903-2004. Self-published, 2004.
Schneider, Mary Jane. North Dakota’s Indian Heritage. Grand Forks: University of North Dakota Press, 1990.
_______. North Dakota Indians: An Introduction. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt Press, 1986.
Sherman, William C. and Playford V. Thorson, eds., Plains Folk: North Dakota’s Ethnic History. Fargo: North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, 1986.
Slaughter, Linda W. Fortress to Farm or Twenty-three Years on the Frontier. Hazel Eastman, ed. New York: Exposition Press, 1972.
Standing Bear, Luther. Land of the Spotted Eagle. New York: Houghton-Mifflin Co., 1933.
________. My Indian Boyhood. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.
________. My People, the Sioux. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 1928.
Starita, Joe. The Dull Knifes of Pine Ridge: A Lakota Odyssey. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1995.
Thomas, David Hurst. Skull Wars: Kennewick Man, Archaeology, and the Battle for Native American Identity. New York: Basic Books, 2000.
VanDevelder, Paul. Coyote Warrior: One Man, Tree Tribes, and the Trial that Forged a Nation. New York: Little Brown and Company, 2004.
Wilkins, Robert P. and Wynona H. Wilkins. North Dakota: A History. New York: W.W. Norton, 1977.
Wold, Frances. “The Washburn Lignite Coal Company: A History of Mining at Wilton, North Dakota.” North Dakota History Vol. 43 No. 4 (Fall 1976): 4–21.
Electronic Resources
Ghost Dance: http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.rel.023#egp.rel.023
In the Words of Our Ancestors: The Mandan Language and Oral Traditions Preservation Project. Vols.1 and 2. DVD.
One Shining Moment: The History of the North Dakota State “B.” Produced by Matt Olien. Video.
The Road to Little Rock: The Legacy of Judge Ronald N. Davies and the Little Rock Nine. Produced by Video Arts Studios, 2013. DVD.
Waterbuster. Produced by J. Carlos Peinado. DVD.